99.9% DMF N, N-Dimethylformamide CAS 68-12-2 Dimethyl Formamide - DMF and N N-Dimethylformamide

Applications

1. The primary use of DMF is as a solvent with low evaporation rate. DMF is used in the production of acrylic fibers and plastics. It is also used as a solvent in peptide coupling for pharmaceuticals, in the development and production of pesticides, and in the manufacture of adhesives, synthetic leathers, fibers, films, and surface coatings.

2. It is used as a reagent in the Bouveault aldehyde synthesis[ and in the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction, another useful method of forming aldehydes.

3. It is a common solvent in the Heck reaction.

4. It is also a common catalyst used in the synthesis of acyl halides, in particular the synthesis of acyl chlorides from carboxylic acids using oxalyl or thionyl chloride. The catalytic mechanism entails reversible formation of an imidoyl chloride.

5. DMF penetrates most plastics and makes them swell. Because of this property DMF is suitable for solid phase peptide synthesis and as a component of paint strippers.

6. DMF is used as a solvent to recover olefins such as 1,3-butadiene via extractive distillation.

7.  It is also used in the manufacturing of solvent dyes as an important raw material. It is consumed during reaction.

8. Pure acetylene gas cannot be compressed and stored without the danger of explosion. Industrial acetylene is safely compressed in the presence of dimethylformamide, which forms a safe, concentrated solution. The casing is also filled with agamassan, which renders it safe to transport and use.

Proper uses

As a cheap and common reagent, DMF has many uses in a research laboratory.

DMF is effective at separating and suspending carbon nanotubes, and is recommended by the NIST for use in near infrared spectroscopy of such.

DMF can be utilized as a standard in proton NMR spectroscopy allowing for a quantitative determination of an unknown compound.

In the synthesis of organometallic compounds, it is used as a source of carbon monoxide ligands.

DMF is a common solvent used in electrospinning.

DMF is commonly used in the solvothermal synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks.

DMF-d7 in the presence of a catalytic amount of KOt-Bu under microwave heating is a reagent for deuteration of polyaromatic hydrocarbons.

Safety

Reactions including the use of sodium hydride in DMF as a solvent are somewhat hazardous; exothermic decompositions have been reported at temperatures as low as 26 °C. On a laboratory scale any thermal runaway is (usually) quickly noticed and brought under control with an ice bath and this remains a popular combination of reagents. On a pilot plant scale, on the other hand, several accidents have been reported.

On the 20 of June 2018, the Danish Environmental Protective Agency published an article about the DMF's use in squishies. The density of the compound in the toy resulted in all squishes being removed from the Danish market. All squishies were recommended to be thrown out as household waste. 

Toxicity

The acute LD50 (oral, rats and mice) is 2.2-7.55 g/kg. Hazards of DMF have been examined.